Preliminary application of artificial intelligence in the pathological diagnosis of periapical cysts / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To study the effect of artificial intelligence in the pathological diagnosis of periapical cysts and to explore the application of artificial intelligence in the field of oral pathology.@*Methods@#Pathological images of eighty-seven periapical cysts were selected as subjects to read, and a neural network with a U-net structure was constructed. The 87 HE images and labeled images of periapical cysts were divided into a training set (72 images) and a test set (15 images), which were used in the training model and test model, respectively. Finally, the target level index F1 score, pixel level index Dice coefficient and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the ability of the U-net model to recognize periapical cyst epithelium.@*Results @# The F1 score of the U-net network model for recognizing periapical cyst epithelium was 0.75, and the Dice index and the areas under the ROC curve were 0.685 and 0.878, respectively.@*Conclusion@#The U-net network model constructed by artificial intelligence has a good segmentation result in identifying periapical cyst epithelium, which can be preliminarily applied in the pathological diagnosis of periapical cysts and is expected to be gradually popularized in clinical practice after further verification with large samples.

Whole-process quality-based strategies for good clinical practice when using oral medical devices / 口腔疾病防治

@#Clinical trials are the key step in verifying the effectiveness, safety and usability of novel oral medical devices. With improvements in invention capability, the number of clinical trials of medical devices has steadily increased domestically, indicating the need for new requirements for quality management. Here, on the basis of summarizing the characteristics of clinical trials for oral medical devices in China, we proposed a whole-process quality-control model for good clinical practice (WQGCP). This model clarified the management specifications for oral medical device clinical trials in the new era. It indicates that the clinical trial design is the breakthrough point, while whole-process risk control is the key point. This suggests the need for the establishment of a quality management cooperation system, evaluation and postevaluation systems and the training of high-level personnel who conduct clinical trials. It also provides suggestions to promote the participation of oral clinicians in high-quality research and invention of novel clinical medical devices with the aim of accelerating the development of oral medical devices in China.

Mechanisms and implications of cancer cell dormancy in head and neck carcinoma / 华西口腔医学杂志

Disease metastasis and relapse in many cancer patients several years (even decades) after surgical remission have been recently acknowledged as cases of cancer dormancy. Although cases of minimal residual disease are well documented, knowledge on its biological mechanisms and clinical implications remains limited. To date, numerous reviews have summarized the three potential models that may explain this phenomenon, including the angiogenic, immunologic, and cellular dormancy. In this study, we discuss newly uncovered mechanisms governing tumor cell dormancy in head and neck cancer, emphasizing on the crosstalk between dormant tumor cells and their microenvironments. Additionally, we explore the mechanisms on the reactivation of dormant residual tumor cells in anatomical sites, including the lymph nodes and bone marrow.